Blepharoplasty- Brief anatomy

Description

Blepharoplasty is the name of the surgery to improve the appearance and/or function of the eyelids.

Brief anatomy

The aesthetic appearance of the eyes and the vision can be affected in time by aging, environmental (sun, pollution) and genetic factors. Laxity of eyelid skin, muscles and excess fat tissue around the eyes lead to the settlement of wrinkles and eye bags on the eyelids, giving a tired look for the patient.

General information on the procedure

Eyelid surgery is a procedure to remove excess skin and pockets of fat from the upper and lower eyelids. Eyelid surgery can lift drooping upper lids and reduce the puffy eye bags that form below your eyes. Consequently, eyelid surgery dramatically improves the appearance of tired, droopy eyes and gives a rejuvenated appearance to the surrounding area of your eyes.

This procedure can be done alone or in conjunction with other plastic facial surgery procedures such as a brow lift, and/or a facelift.

Reference information: www.eafps.org, www.entific.com.hk

It is not intended as medical advice to any specific person. If you have any need for personal advice or have any questions regarding your health, please consult your ENT specialist for diagnosis and treatment.

下鼻甲減容術手術後須知

不常見的嚴重風險或併發症(<1%risk/風險)

1.          Atrophic rhinitis

萎縮性鼻炎

2.          Injury to Eustachian tube

咽鼓管損傷

3.          Death due to serious surgical and anaesthetic complications

由於手術或麻醉的嚴重併發症引致死亡

Before the Procedure手術前準備

Inform your doctor of any medical condition and any medications you are taking. The medications may need to be adjusted as appropriate.

請告訴醫生你的醫療及服藥情況。藥物可能需作恰當的增減。

After the Procedure手術後須知

1.          Nasal packs will be inserted into the operated side or both sides; you may have to breathe through the mouth. The nasal packs will be removed after one or two days.

手術後兩邊鼻孔都會塞入鼻敷料，所以你可能要用口呼吸，敷料會於一至兩日後取走。

2.          There may be mild bleeding after the packs are taken off, which usually stops naturally.

取走敷料後可能有輕微出血，但通常都會自行止血。

3.          You can go home after the packs are removed. Small amount of blood stained nasal discharge is normal. You may also have nasal stuffiness. If you encounter persistent bleeding, please attend the nearby emergency department.

敷料取走後，你可以出院回家。鼻水帶有小量血絲乃正常現象。你亦可能感到鼻塞。假如流血持續不止，請前往就近的急症室求診。

參考資料: www.entific.com.hk, http://www.ent.cuhk.edu.hk/

以上所提供的資訊僅作為教育及參考用途，如果你有任何醫療問題，應向自己的耳鼻喉專科醫生查詢，而不應單倚賴以上提供的資料。

Wrinkle Reduction Treatment- Postop instructions

A hospital stay may or may not be needed following forehead lift surgery. The best environment for recovery will be determined by the preferences of both the patient and his doctor. Recovery varies from patient to patient and it is advisable to take it easy for the first week after surgery.

Your surgeon will apply a dressing to your face and head to protect your wounds, keep the tissue in the proper place during recovery and to help with swelling. The day after the surgery, the dressing will be replaced with elastic wrap to be kept in place at all times for a few days; then you will be asked to wear it at bedtime only for about a week. Initially after the procedure, patients can expect tenderness and swelling around the incision areas. The tenderness and swelling fade with time and usually subside after the first 10 days.

 After the operation you will be instructed to keep your head elevated and use cold compresses for several days. In case of excessive pain, redness, pus or other symptoms that do not appear normal, you will be advised to contact your surgeon immediately. Staples and sutures are usually removed after 2-7 days. Patients generally feel well enough to resume normal activities around the tenth day of recovery. Strenuous activities should be avoided for about three weeks.

Reference information: www.eafps.org, www.entific.com.hk

It is not intended as medical advice to any specific person. If you have any need for personal advice or have any questions regarding your health, please consult your ENT specialist for diagnosis and treatment.

Face Lift : Postop Instructions

The patient may be dismissed home after adequate recovery, typically the same day or the day following the surgical procedure. The dressing is changed the morning after surgery, incision lines should be kept moist with an ointment for 10 days, and a 5 day course of oral antibiotics is completed.


The patient is instructed to regularly clean and moisten the incision lines, to cool the face with ice and to wear a commercial Velcro compression dressing for one week day and night and an additional week just at night. Sutures are removed 5 to 7 days after surgery. The patient is asked to limit physical activity for 10-14 days and to minimize sun exposure for six months.


Make-Up may be worn after 10-14 days, at which time the patient is typically healed enough to return to work. Regular follow-up visits are scheduled until healing has taken place. Visits at 3 months and 1 year postoperatively complete the early postoperative care.

Reference information: www.eafps.org, www.entific.com.hk

It is not intended as medical advice to any specific person. If you have any need for personal advice or have any questions regarding your health, please consult your ENT specialist for diagnosis and treatment.

Face lift Operation

The deep plane face lift is typically performed under general anaesthesia. It is the author's impression that postoperative recovery is optimized and nausea is avoided if total intravenous anaesthesia is administered. A 5-10 mm incision under the chin allows access for a 3mm liposuction cannula. Smooth and even liposuction reduces fullness of the neck.


A weak spot in the wide muscle of the neck is sutured together to remove the "double chin" appearance. The incisions are well hidden and are placed on the inside of the ear canal (retrotragal line), then behind the ear into the hair. These incision lines are specifically designed so that the hair can be worn in any style. For male face lifts, the line of incision may be altered to preserve the location of the side burns. In order to create a youthful appearance, a number of structures deep to the skin are repositioned.


These include the fat pad of the cheek and the muscles of the neck and face. Without tension, the facial skin is then very carefully draped over the repositioned soft tissues, the hairline is aligned and the excess skin is removed. Meticulous layered closure with fine suture material minimizes scar formation of the well hidden incisions.

Reference information: www.eafps.org, www.entific.com.hk

It is not intended as medical advice to any specific person. If you have any need for personal advice or have any questions regarding your health, please consult your ENT specialist for diagnosis and treatment.

Face Lift: Preoperative evaluation

Reference information: www.entific.com.hk

Most aspects of pre-, intra-, and postoperative care vary considerably among surgeons. The suggestions given herein represent the author's preferences at the University of Regensburg (Germany) and have proven successful over time. However these suggestions are not meant to be dogmatic or to imply that different preferences are less effectual.



Paramount to the preoperative evaluation is a long, thorough and honest discussion with the patient. The surgeon must develop an excellent understanding of the patient's wishes and concerns. It is also the surgeon's responsibility to clearly communicate realistic expectations about the treatment effect, both short-term and long-term, and what the risk of a less than perfect outcome would be.


A separate discussion should also take place between the anaesthesiologist and the patient so that measures to avoid postoperative nausea and pain are employed. Quality photographs are taken and serve both as a guide in the preoperative discussion and as a reference for the surgeon intraoperatively.

It is not intended as medical advice to any specific person. If you have any need for personal advice or have any questions regarding your health, please consult your ENT specialist for diagnosis and treatment.

Face Lift: General information on the procedure

With time, the skin and deeper tissues of the face and neck loosen, lines and furrows form. The fat pads of the cheek descend towards the mouth, creating marionette lines. Moreover, the transition from the face to the neck becomes blunt, the contour of the mandible less visible. Jowls form and fullness under the chin is noted.

Although a person typically still feels young and energetic, their face and neck portends a tired and sometimes sad appearance. Various rejuvenation procedures are available to correct different areas of the face. The choice of the right procedure or combination of procedures depends on a variety of factors, most importantly the patient's wishes and expectations as well as the individual anatomy.


The deep plane face lift is among the most definite procedures available for the treatment of age-related facial changes, especially when changes of the neck are present as well.

Reference information: www.eafps.org

It is not intended as medical advice to any specific person. If you have any need for personal advice or have any questions regarding your health, please consult your ENT specialist for diagnosis and treatment.

及早控制鼻敏感 保持生活質素

每逢轉季的時候，張小姐便會出現鼻敏感。通常是剛起床不久即出現鼻癢、流鼻水和打噴嚏，而連續的噴嚏令她感到頭昏腦脹，弄得整個早上提不起精神來。

鼻敏感的對象不分年齡，可分間歇性和持續性兩種。病徵持續出現少於四星期間歇性，多於四星期為持續性。成因多為患者吸入致敏原令鼻腔內的細胞受到刺激而釋出組織胺，引致鼻塞、鼻癢、打噴嚏、流鼻水等病徵持續出現。而致敏源多來自家居與生活環境，如塵蟎、寵物的毛髮皮屑、塵粒和二手煙等。

良好的家居衛生對治療鼻敏感非常有幫助，保持寢具與室內環境清潔可以減少致敏原出現。對於持續性的鼻敏感,第一綫藥物多處方無睡意抗組織胺藥物，再因應患者對藥物的反應與病情，考慮處方類固醇噴鼻劑。醫生亦會了解患者鼻敏感出現的模式，建議患者最佳受藥時間，減少感到需要長期服藥的心理負擔。

鼻敏感不是嚴重疾病，然而對學習生活或日常工作會帶來不便，所以，若持續出現鼻敏感病徵需考慮作詳細檢查，以降低學習與工作情緒受影響，或是社交生活裡帶來的尷尬情況。

黃德彰耳鼻喉專科醫生

參考資料: 健康動力

以上所提供的資訊僅作為教育及參考用途，如果你有任何醫療問題，應向自己的耳鼻喉專科醫生查詢，而不應單倚賴以上提供的資料。

Face Lift: Description

Face Lift surgery has changed dramatically over the past two decades. Stigmata of early, subcutaneous face lift techniques included an operated, overly lifted and unnatural appearance. These suboptimal results have effectively been replaced by the naturally appearing, predictable and long lasting results of sub-SMAS and deep plane face lift operations. Modern face lift techniques no longer apply significant tension to the lifted skin.


Liposuction of the neck is frequently performed with a modern face lift. Thus an imbalanced appearance between an overly stretched face and an undertreated neck can effectively be avoided. Placement of the incisions has also been improved. The incision line runs inside the ear canal (retrotragal line), thus rendering the incision lines nearly invisible, even when the hair style is such that the ears are not covered.

Reference information: www.eafps.org

It is not intended as medical advice to any specific person. If you have any need for personal advice or have any questions regarding your health, please consult your ENT specialist for diagnosis and treatment.

Rhinoplasty- Can I see what I will look like after the operation?

Yes, computer imaging can give you an idea of what your nose will look like. Some doctors offer computer imaging and others don’t. Those who are in favour of imaging find that it helps to precisely plan the operation and it is greatly appreciated by the patients. Those who dislike imaging are worried about raising undue expectations. Remember that the result will almost always differ somewhat from the computer generated outcome, regardless of the surgeon’s expertise.

What about the downtime after surgery?

This depends largely on what needs to be done, the technique used and, of coures, on your personal healing. Please ask your surgeon what you should respect before the operation and what you will be allowed to do afterwards. You will be told if you will have a cast or splint on your nose and how long it should stay on. In most patients, the eyelids are somewhat swollen and may be bruised for a few days after a correction of the bony nose and stitches on base of the nose may have to be removed. Most patients are back to work within a week or so.

Reference information: www.eafps.org

It is not intended as medical advice to any specific person. If you have any need for personal advice or have any questions regarding your health, please consult your ENT specialist for diagnosis and treatment.