Botox (Wrinkle Reduction Treatment)--PART 2

Botulinum toxin safety 

Botulinum toxin is a safe drug and when injected by an experienced facial plastic surgeon the incidence of side effects is extremely low. The most common side effects are temporary and localised bruising, slight redness of the skin and occasionally slight swelling at the injection site. The side effects of Botox are completely reversible and are temporary, lasting only a few hours and occasionally up to one or two days. Rarely unintended paralysis of muscles may result in troublesome cosmetic imperfections such as drooping of the eye brows. The incidence of such side effects is injector dependent and settles with time.



How long does it last? 

The effects of Botox usually last for three to four months after the first treatment. The effects fade gradually, at which point wrinkling begins to reappear and you may return for re-treatment. Generally, with repeated injections, the effects last longer and the frequency of injections gets lesser. The duration of effect varies from patient to patient and may be less effective in older people.






Reference information: www.entific.com.hk
The information aims to provide educational purpose only. Anyone reading it should consult ENT Specialists before considering treatment and should not rely on the information above.

Botox (Wrinkle Reduction Treatment)--PART 1

The gradual development of facial wrinkles is inevitable and generally represents the early sign of ageing. The most common areas of wrinkling include the forehead, the brows and the outer corner of the eyes (crow's feet). This is mainly related to muscle activity which can be effectively dampened by the use of botulinum toxin, which is a naturally occurring bacterial toxin. This type of treatment to paralyse muscles selectively and reduce wrinkles is commonly known as 'Botox' treatment. Botox is a trade name, and other similar preparations may also be used for this purpose. Botulinum toxin was initially used in the 1970s for treating patients with hyperactive muscles around the eyes. Currently, it is widely used for cosmetic reasons, such as wrinkle reduction and a wide variety of other medical conditions related to dysfunction of muscles.





Consultation and treatment 

During consultation a detailed medical history is obtained by your surgeon and assessment of the facial wrinkles is carried out to determine the exact areas of muscles that require the injection. An appropriate dose of botulinum toxin is then injected into the muscles using a tiny micro needle. Following the treatment with Botox, the skin over the muscles remains smooth and even. Injected muscles are paralysed in about 2-3 days while untreated areas continue to work as normal. As the needle used is very fine and small quantities are injected, the pain is minimal and therefore no anaesthetic is required. You may experience some discomfort over the treated area immediately after treatment. You may resume normal activities immediately however any strenuous activity and massaging the area should be avoided. You must follow the post injection instructions carefully to avoid any untoward effects. Some patients may experience mild headaches in the first week or so following the injection which resolve spontaneously, and the use of mild painkillers such as paracetamol is recommended to relieve the headaches.








Reference information: www.entific.com.hk
The information aims to provide educational purpose only. Anyone reading it should consult ENT Specialists before considering treatment and should not rely on the information above.

鼻敏感或是鼻塞的手術

 

包括下鼻甲減容術及鼻中隔成型術。下鼻甲減容術是適用於因為下鼻甲肥大引致鼻塞的病人，而鼻中隔成型術是適用於因為鼻中隔偏曲而引致鼻塞的病人。有一些病人是兩種情況也有，而耳鼻喉專科醫生就會同時為他們做這兩種手術。

通常先試藥物治療     例如  :  類固醇噴劑或抗組織胺

術前注意       
全身麻醉或局部麻醉

血液或鼻分泌倒流

全身麻醉

術後注意       
填塞方法   (例如海棉或紗布1-2天)

流眼淚，面腫，面痛，頭痛等等

藥物: 去減少這些不舒服

避免過熱的食物

                                                                               

出院以後       
鹽水洗鼻

輕微流血  →   冰敷

嚴重 → 回去急診室

休息兩至三天，視符工作性質

長期問題       
仍然需要藥物，尤其是鼻水，噴嚏等問題

復發(鼻塞)

併發症注意   鼻中隔穿孔

參考資料: www.entific.com.hk

以上所提供的資訊僅作為教育及參考用途，如果你有任何醫療問題，

應向自己的耳鼻喉專科醫生查詢，而不應單倚賴以上提供的資料。

單耳或雙耳失聰

失聰可以是單邊或雙邊，不同的聽力問題可以於同一隻耳朵或兩邊耳朵發生。每邊耳朵的聰程度由輕微 (聽不見旁人在耳邊輕聲說話) 至嚴重 (聽不見旁人在耳邊大叫) 不等。

單 耳失聰的人，另一邊耳的聽力仍然正常。由於他們傾向於只用一邊耳來聆聽，以致未能像常人一樣聽到立體的聲音，不能分辨聲音的方向。而且在噪吵的環境中，例 如會議、餐廳、酒吧等，因為背景聲音太大會令他們不能集中聽需要的聲音。他們要在生活細節上作出調整，才能與人交談。如與朋友同行時，會固意讓朋友走在正常聽力的一邊，開會時會選坐一個對聽力有利的位置等等。

雙耳失聰的人，大多是因為長期於嘈吵的環境工作或耳朵退化。他們需要較大的音量才能聽得清楚。有些人會把電視或收音機聲量調高，但這可能會對家人或鄰居造成滋擾。

 

 

 

 

 

參考資料: www.entific.com.hk
以上所提供的資訊僅作為教育及參考用途，如果你有任何醫療問題，

應向自己的耳鼻喉專科醫生查詢，而不應單倚賴以上提供的資料。

什麼是面神經癱瘓?

面神經主司面部表情、淚腺與唾液腺之分泌及舌部之味覺。面神經其實就是第七對腦神經(腦神經共十二對)，它的走向為離開大腦後，即進入顳骨之內聽道，並經 中耳腔及乳突(以上均包埋在硬骨的管腔內)，再由耳下方穿出顏面；因為顏面神經有一大段包埋在硬骨的管腔內，所以一旦受傷或感染所形成的腫脹，在壓力無法 紓解下，將直接壓迫神經纖維之內軸。造成神經功能的障礙。

原因

面神經核上癱或面神經核下癱

約有八成是因為病毒感染所引起，最常見的急性單側面神經麻痺，我們可將它稱為特發性面神經麻痺或貝耳氏面神經麻痺(此症狀於1931年英國貝耳(Bell)醫師最早提出)。目前研究證實貝耳氏面神經麻痺與單純性庖疹病毒第一型有關，另外一種常見的病毒感染為帶狀庖疹病毒。

其他原因包括：

1.     創傷性：車禍外傷
2.     發炎性：急性中耳炎、慢性中耳炎合併膽脂瘤
3.     腫瘤：腦部或顱底腫瘤壓迫所引起
4.     先天性：Moebius綜合症

病徵
有些病人一覺醒來發現自己流涎無控制，半邊臉部麻木，無知覺，照鏡之下發現眼歪嘴斜，好像中風一樣。舌頭有時亦會麻痺，眼乾，口乾等。

其他：耳部附近也會有小水泡，並且異常疼痛。

 

參考資料: www.entific.com.hk 

以上所提供的資訊僅作為教育及參考用途，如果你有任何醫療問題，

應向自己的耳鼻喉專科醫生查詢，而不應單倚賴以上提供的資料。

認識睡眠窒息症 - 睡眠窒息症病徵

 
何謂睡眠窒息症

睡眠窒息症病是指患者在睡眠中停止呼吸，每次持續十秒至數分鐘不等，導致身體缺氧，但窒息後不久，病人會扎醒，並回復正常呼吸，整夜週而復始地病發十數次至數百次不等。

睡眠窒息症的病徵包括

• 睡醒後仍覺疲倦
• 早晨感到頭痛
• 日間常打瞌睡
• 不能集中精神，反應緩慢
• 記憶力衰退
• 性情改變，脾氣暴躁
• 性慾減退
• 嚴重的鼻鼾聲

睡眠窒息症分為三類

甲、阻礙性睡眠窒息症

這是最常見的一類，患者多為過重的中年男仕，由於上呼吸道過窄，或喉部組織鬆弛下垂，造成阻塞，於是空氣不能順利通過，造成窒息。

乙、中樞性睡眠窒息症

由於腦部受創或其他問題，不能有效地發出呼吸指令，令患者睡眠時呼吸間歇停止，造成窒息。

丙、混合性睡眠窒息症

是上述兩種睡眠窒息症的混合體，患者同時有阻礙性及中樞性的病徵。

 

參考資料: www.entific.com.hk

以上所提供的資訊僅作為教育及參考用途，如果你有任何醫療問題，
應向自己的耳鼻喉專科醫生查詢，而不應單倚賴以上提供的資料。

如何護理創傷性疤痕?

即使每天都對肌膚呵護備至，但如偶一不慎撞傷或擦傷，在臉上或身體上留下因外傷導致的「創傷性疤痕」，都總教人苦惱不已。要減低這些疤痕對外觀的負面影響，在護理方面便需格外用心。


如因擦傷而令皮膚出現損口，即使面積不大，但亦有可能會被肉眼難以發現的異物藏入傷口中，有機會令傷口長期難以復原甚至引起發炎，即使傷口最後癒合，留在傷口中的異物也可能會逐漸沉澱，造成「創傷性紋身」，令疤痕顏色明顯。

因此，一旦遇上創傷，又不想日後留下不雅觀的傷疤，傷口應交由醫護人員處理，

而為防止創口發炎，耳鼻喉專科醫生會處方抗生素藥膏或口服抗生素藥物，而在傷口癒合後，耳鼻喉專科醫生亦可指導病人以特別的按摩方式，改善疤痕狀況。

其實，創傷性疤痕與所有疾病一樣，都是預防勝於治療，各位讀者在進行各項運動時，亦應做足預防措施，例如戴上頭盔、護膝等，傷口癒合需時，病人應保持耐性，期間可定時由耳鼻喉專科醫生視察復原進度。

病人在傷口癒合期間，應做好防曬功夫，並繼續保持均衡飲食，但應避免進食任何可導致敏感、或是以生魚烹調的食物，而吸煙及二手煙均可令傷口癒合的時間延長二至三倍，及癒合質素受損，需小心留意。

參考資料: www.entific.com.hk 

以上所提供的資訊僅作為教育及參考用途，如果你有任何醫療問題，
應向自己的耳鼻喉專科醫生查詢，而不應單倚賴以上提供的資料。

Implications of Chinese face reading on the aesthetic sense

 

 

Chinese face reading is an ancient art that has been developed over centuries, not only in China but over the wider area of Asia owing to China's cultural dominance in Asia during its imperial rule. Similar to feng shui, Chinese face reading is based on a philosophy held by Chinese people all over the world that expresses itself in contemporary daily life and practices by coloring people's choices, likes, and dislikes.

 

It is inevitable that the aesthetic sense is also affected by face reading principles, especially among those who are most familiar with them. An understanding of these principles and beliefs would help surgeons better understand their Asian patients' requests and perhaps allow them to better communicate appropriate suggestions accordingly.

 
 
 




Reference information: www.entific.com.hk/

The information aims to provide educational purpose only. Anyone reading it should consult ENT Specialists before considering treatment and should not rely on the information above.